Main Answer
Paul uses Abraham as an example of faith in Romans 4 because Abraham was counted righteous when he believed God, before he was circumcised and centuries before the law of Moses. His story shows that justification rests on faith and grace.
Abraham is central to Israel’s story, so Paul can demonstrate that the gospel fulfils Scripture. The promise given to Abraham reaches believing Jews and Gentiles through the same principle of faith.
Abraham also trusted God when the promise seemed humanly impossible. His faith looked towards the God who gives life to the dead, which prepares the reader to trust the God who raised Jesus.
Why Does Paul Quote Genesis 15:6?
Genesis says Abraham believed God and it was counted to him for righteousness. Paul treats the verse as a clear scriptural statement about a favourable standing received through trust.
The language of counting helps Paul explain justification. God credits righteousness as a gift, while human boasting loses its foundation.
Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness.
Romans 4:3, KJV
Why Does the Timing of Circumcision Matter?
Abraham received the verdict of righteousness before circumcision. Circumcision later served as a sign and seal of the righteousness connected with faith.
This order allows Abraham to stand as father of uncircumcised believers and of Jewish believers who walk in the same faith. God’s family is formed through His promise.
Abraham’s place in Paul’s wider account of grace and promise is followed in the complete guide to Romans.
The Extra Study below examines Genesis 15, circumcision, the promise of inheritance and the connection between Abraham’s faith and the resurrection of Jesus.
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